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Bana cathedral
Bana ((グルジア語:ბანა)) or Banak ((アルメニア語:Բանակ)) is a ruined early medieval cathedral in present-day Erzurum Province, eastern Turkey, in what had formerly been a historical marchland known to Armenians as Tayk and to Georgians as Tao.
It is a large tetraconch design, surrounded by a near-rotunda polygonal ambulatory and marked with a cylindrical drum. After the construction of this monastery by the Georgian king Adarnase II of Iberia in the 7th century the church was reconstructed by another Georgian ruler Adarnase IV of Iberia at some point between 881 and 923, and emerged in written records in the 11th-century Georgian chronicles. Henceforth, it was used as a royal cathedral by the Bagrationi dynasty until the Ottoman conquest of the area in the 16th century. The former cathedral was converted into a fortress by the Ottoman army during the Crimean War in the 1870th monastery was almost completely ruined during the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-78.
== Location and etymology ==
The Bana cathedral is located on the north bank of the Penek (Irlağaç) river near the village of Penek, in the Şenkaya district of Erzurum Province. "Penek" is a Turkified typonym deriving from the original name of the area: "Banak". Banak means "army" in Armenian and possibly takes its origin from the site in the Berdats Por district of Tayk – then a hereditary Mamikonian fief – where the royal army (Արքունի բանակ, ''Ark'uni Banak'') was headquartered during the rule of Arshakuni in the Kingdom of Armenia in the 1st century. The name entered Georgian usage in the form of Bana because of Georgian phonology makes the "k" sound silent.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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